What you don’t know about Jupiter can’t hurt you. Or can it? And be sure to check out ShanksFX’s “Jupiter in a Jar” Episode! https://youtu.be/mwvkQK3R2LE

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On July 4th 2016, the Juno spacecraft entered orbit around the planet Jupiter after leaving earth five years ago. The Juno probe will tell us what lies inside the mysterious gas giant and with this information we’ll better understand the formation of our solar system. In this episode, find out how Jupiter wreaked havoc through the solar system during its early formation and how without it the Earth as we know it would not exist.

Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd

Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)

The Grand Tack Hypothesis
A low mass for Mars from Jupiter’s early gas-driven migration, Walsh et al. 2011
http://arxiv.org/abs/1201.5177

The Nice Model
Origin of the cataclysmic Late Heavy Bombardment period of the terrestrial planets. Gomes et al. 2005
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v435/n7041/full/nature03676.html

Space Time Episode – Planet X Discovered??
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGfv3Oay_pY

Space Time Episode – Is an Ice Age Coming?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztninkgZ0ws

Previous Episode – Nuclear Physics Challenge Question
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQSbms5MDvY

Comments by
John LaBrie
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQSbms5MDvY&lc=z125wxkjfvz0yn5dn23osvwrwpa3xhgeb

PAI SALIL MANOJ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQSbms5MDvY&lc=z130e30w1yuww53lb23eyzlyaqjcshcm5

James Stanley
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQSbms5MDvY&lc=z13evp1bkyurgfnre04cdxiyaq3djtiarog0k

Credits
Late Heavy Bombardment Image – Fahad Sulehria – http://www.novacelestia.com

ProtoPlanetary Disc – Credit: University of Copenhagen/Lars Buchhave via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UNPj7e6XJCQ

Are you ready for some recreational nuclear physics?

Previous Episode on Quantum Tunneling https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8

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On this episode of Space Time, we dive into a Challenge Question about Nuclear Physics. This includes traveling back into the phenomenon of Quantum Tunneling and discussing the most radioactive element on the periodic table; Polonium. Let’s get started.

Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd

Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)

Challenge Answers

Submit your answers with full work to pbsspacetime@gmail.com by July 13 for a chance to win a Space Time t-shirt.
Make sure you use the subject title “Nuclear Physics Challenge” to be in the running.

How can you Yo-Yo without the string attached?
Check out Audible: http://bit.ly/AudibleVe
For more Ben Conde: http://bit.ly/VeBenConde
For Beyond Slow Motion: http://bit.ly/VeBeyondSlowMo

For more on yo-yos check out: http://bit.ly/290wR3a

How to yo-yo without a string attached… So many crazy tricks and the science that makes it possible.

Edited and animated by Daniel Joseph Files

To check out any of the lectures available from Great Courses Plus go to http://ow.ly/K9mK301cRdj and get ready to learn about everything from cooking to calculus.

Previous episode on Quantum Tunneling and the de Broglie Wavelength: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8

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Planck’s Length is the length below which the concept of length loses its meaning. What exactly does that mean and what are the incredible implications this fact has upon our reality? To find out check out this episode of Space Time where Matt digs into the early history of quantum mechanics.

Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd

Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)

Comments by:

BrunoJMR
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z12wsxth5oa1fvgzy04ccjpwjq3jxhebbc0

Prasad Deshmukh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z130zlxzpsnwudcfu22jc3go0yejelhrq04

Gary Palmer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z125vb0ygumeyzv1b224vni5sxfler2uu

Ed Eggermont
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z12kehkorrqxffvng22utliaqknid3bht04

Dylan T
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z123yzaazwi3gl5ag04cgrqjlvexgxhrndo

Is what we see in the night sky a true representation of our universe? Find out about Gravitational Lensing in this episode and even more about it in the documentary that Matt made together with the Museum of Natural History:Distant Quasars: Shedding Light on Black Holes http://www.amnh.org/explore/science-bulletins/(watch)/astro/documentaries/distant-quasars-shedding-light-on-black-holes

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Niels Bohr, a Danish Physicist said “Everything we call real is made of things that cannot be regarded .” Is what we see perceived to be real or is it an illusion?
In the world of our mind’s eye, light travels in a straight line. In reality, spacetime is deflected and magnified through the lens of gravity. Find out how this works and what it allows us to learn about our universe in this episode of Space Time.

Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd

Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)

Comments by:

AyyElMao
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8&lc=z133wleonvnhvjrms230gdtiiqjwhldko

Błażej Michalik
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8&lc=z12dghjzrlupgxjll22fi30x5qblftcrg04

Flynn Kruchell
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8&lc=z13vjf5z5sfayjlii04cdbfh0o23ff1ofp00k

Mystyc Cheez
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8&lc=z121idgyory2czaiv04cjvyrglnfux4zzgg

Celsius never devised nor used the scale that now bears his name.

Veritasium is now on Patreon: http://patreon.com/veritasium

Special thanks to Michael Stevens of Vsauce! http://youtube.com/vsauce1

More info about Celsius and temperature scales: http://wke.lt/w/s/2I6Nu

References for this video:

A History of the Thermometer and its uses in Meteorology by W. E. Knowles Middleton

Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold by Tom Shachtman

The Science of Measurement, A Historical Survey by Herbert Arthur Klein

Lehrbuch der Chemie by Jöns Jakob Berzelius

Special Thanks to the Uppsala University Museum
I filmed this in Uppsala in the summer of 2012! So I’ve been thinking about this idea for a very long time. I’m glad to finally have it out there in the world.

Be sure to check out Matt’s AMA at https://www.reddit.com/r/science on Monday, June 13th. He’ll be discussing the upcoming documentary he was a part of Distant Quasars: Shedding Light on Black Holes http://www.amnh.org/explore/science-bulletins/(watch)/astro/documentaries/distant-quasars-shedding-light-on-black-holes

Get your own Space Time t­shirt at http://bit.ly/1QlzoBi
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Scientists at the Large Hadron Collider may have just discovered a new fundamental particle that could change the way we look at the universe. Is this Dark Energy? A giant Neutrino? The big brother of the Higgs Boson? Or could it be the mysterious Graviton? Matt also reveals the answer to the Dark Energy Challenge question and responds to comments from the Ice Age episode. We’ve got a lot going on, so check it out!

Examples from four of the major families of theoretical explanations for the 750 GeV excess: http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.150001

Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd

Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)

Challenge Winners:
Pete Benzi astronomianova@gmail.com
Ingrid Skard ingrid.skard@gmail.com
Ryan Brown Ryan.Brown@unb.ca
Nicolai Veliki nickveliki@gmail.com
Sandra Unruh s6saunru@uni-bonn.de
Alex Gravenor blazingkin@gmail.com
Brian Ross bross14@jhmi.edu

You can review a more in-depth explanation of the challenge answers at the link below. The first document is the main question solution described in this video, and the second is the extra credit. The third provides the details of an analytical solution to the integral. Special thanks to Pete Benzi, who is not only one of our winners but also but also generously provided the extra credit solution (incl. the integral) we link to here. His was much more clearly presented than ours!

Main and extra credit solutions: http://bit.ly/1U7QeYu

Comments by:
Bockmaker

Xeneon341
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztninkgZ0ws&lc=z13nj5cownjkftpg304ccbnidubdtrjkt

sugershakify
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztninkgZ0ws&lc=z12fdxsgyy2zyzn2s224hty43mihu5uxl04

Start your Audible trial today: http://www.audible.com/spacetime

Hello from the other side. In this episode find out how quanta can can move through solid objects.

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Where are you right now? Until you interact with another particle you could be any number of places within a wave of probabilities. This is only one way that quantum mechanics challenges our perception of reality. Matt dives into these counter-intuitive ideas and explains the bizarre phenomenon known as quantum tunneling in this episode of Space Time.

Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd

Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)

*Paper referenced in episode is “Measurement of the Single-Photon Tunneling Time” by Steinberg, Kwiat, & Chiao, 1993, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 708 and can be found here: http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.708

Check out the previous episode of Space Time: Is an Ice Age Coming?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztninkgZ0ws

Spoiler: no (and climate change has nothing to do with this).

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We’re living in a brief window of time where our planet isn’t frozen underneath a giant layer of glaciers. How much longer will the moderate climate that we’ve come to know as “normal” continue? What causes these dramatic shifts in temperature that thaw our planet and then throw it back into a state of deep freeze? This episode looks at how the changes in our planet’s orbit and rotation impacts our climate.

Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd

Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)

Comments

4798alexander4798
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwYSWAlAewc&lc=z12zipcjznrwytotw23rxhx5mmz1sxwzq04

Ryan Lidster
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwYSWAlAewc&lc=z12uixvzbviqg1x0x23utbkjste5wd44u04

Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwYSWAlAewc&lc=z13zvjbhctujfpz2c22vvffigxiedttno

Other Links

Physics girl: Is Energy Always Conserved?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHCc9b2phn0

PBS Idea Channel: Is Math a Feature of the Universe or a Feature of Human Creation?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbNymweHW4E

What about dark energy allows it to resist the powerful inward pull of gravity and accelerate the rate of the universe’s expansion? Find out in this episode of Space Time. And watch our previous episodes on dark energy right here:
Part 1 – Will the Universe Expand Forever https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZTb6…
Part 2 – Why the Universe Needs Dark Energy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4Pay…
Part 3 – What Does Dark Energy Really Do? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUE_L…

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We’ve come a long way in our understanding of dark energy. In previous episodes we’ve looked at how our universe is paradoxically flat and how dark energy is exponentially accelerating the expansion of the universe. In this episode of Space Time we dive into the true nature of dark energy and how its antigravity effect and its other properties are having such bizarre effects on our universe.

Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd

Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)

Comments
James Bailey
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Fros7bite
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fsARBnvUB2E&lc=z135cleyiorcwhuke223ij3wgzbqs50si

Patrick Romo
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ArchNME
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1019wc1019
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Aging Reversed
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