Page 14 of 44

How Does Gravity Affect Light?

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We know that gravity exerts its pull on light, and we have an explanation for why. Actually, we have multiple explanations that all predict the same thing. And at first glance, these explanations seem to describe completely different causes. So what is the true connection between light and gravity, or is truth, in fact, entirely relative?

Sabine Hossenfelder’s episode “Do we travel through time at the speed of light?”
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Does Time Cause Gravity?

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We know that gravity must cause clocks to run slow on the basis of logical consistency. And we know that gravity DOES cause clocks to run slow based on many brilliant experiments. But I never explained WHY or HOW gravity causes the flow of time to slow down. And I’m not going to explain it now – because in a sense it’s not true. Gravity does NOT warp the flow of time. It’s the other way around – the warping of time causes gravity.

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Sabine Hossenfelder’s episode “Do we travel through time at the speed of light?”
https://youtu.be/iBTez-nTKes

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Gravitational Wave Background Discovered?

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It was pretty impressive when LIGO detected gravitational waves from colliding black holes. Well we’ve just taken that to the next level with a galaxy-spanning gravitational wave detector that may have detected a foundational element of space itself – the gravitational wave background.

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How Does Gravity Warp the Flow of Time?

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There’s a deep connection between gravity and time – gravitational fields seem to slow the pace of time in what we call gravitational time dilation. And today we’ll explore the origin of this effect. And ultimately, we’ll use what we learn to understand how curvature in time – this gradient of time dilation – can be thought of as the true source of the force of gravity.

#space​ #generalrelativity #einstein

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Is Dark Matter Made of Particles?

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By the time you’ve read this, a billion billion dark matter particles may have streamed through your body like ghosts. The particle or particles of the dark sector make up the vast majority of the mass of the universe – so to them, we’re the ghostly ones. Today we’re going to try to make contact with dark matter particles and enter into the Dark Universe.

#space #darkmatter #astrophysics

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Can We Break the Universe?

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Today we’re going to delve into a couple of the most famous paradoxes of special relativity: the Twin Paradox, The Ladder Paradox (aka the Barn-Pole Paradox), and a paradox suggested by our very own viewers, which asks whether a spaceship could wrap around the universe & destroy itself. We’ll explore these paradoxes and see why, against our intuition, the universe really does work in this seemingly nonsensical way. But the point of this episode is to go much further – we’re going to try to break the universe by pushing these paradoxes beyond the limit.

Special Thanks to our Patreon Supporters Hank & Mark for suggesting the questions that inspired this episode!

#space #relativity #paradox

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What Happens During a Quantum Jump?

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Erratum: Figures in episode should be Minev et al. (2019), not Minney et al. (2009). Our apologies to the authors!

This is the experiment we talk about:
To Catch and Reverse a Quantum Jump Mid-Flight
Minev, Mundhada, Shankar, Reinhold, Gutiérrez-Jáuregui, Schoelkopf,
Mirrahimi, Carmichael & Devoret (2019), Nature, v.570, p.200
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1287-z

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Since the very beginning of quantum mechanics, a debate has raged about how to interpret its bizarre predictions. And at the heart and origin of that debate is the quantum jump or quantum leap – the seemingly miraculous and instantaneous transitions of quantum systems that have always defied observation or prediction. At least, until now.

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Navigating with Quantum Entanglement

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We often think of quantum mechanics as only affecting only the smallest scales of reality, with classical reality taking over at some intermediate level. But in his 1944 book, What is Life?, the quantum physicist Erwin Schrödinger suggested that “incredibly small groups of atoms, much too small to display exact statistical laws, do play a dominating role in the very orderly and lawful events within a living organism.” Schrodinger was a visionary – and perhaps very specifically in this case. Because it turns out we might need all the weirdness of quantum mechanics to explain birds.

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The Supernova At The End of Time

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Good news everyone: it looks like the universe is going to end with a series of catastrophic explosions. The very, very long story short is that the universe ends in heat death, as it approaches maximum entropy, and its eternal exponential expansion drives it to effective utter emptiness and absolute cold. But new calculations have revealed we may be able to look forward to one last source of astrophysical cataclysms – a new type of supernova that can only happen at the end of the universe.

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Why Do You Remember The Past But Not The Future?

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The laws of physics don’t specify an arrow of time – they don’t distinguish the past from the future. The equations we use to describe how things evolve forward in time also perfectly describe their evolution backwards in time. So the brain is a thing ruled by the laws of physics – why does the brain and the conscious experience that emerges from it, see the arrow of time so clearly? In other words why do we remember the past and not the future?

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