Page 29 of 44

First Detection of Life

August 24, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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What does life look like from space?
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In 1990, an experiment conceived by Carl Sagan was performed using using the Galileo spacecraft. The purpose? To detect life on a planet based on measurements by a space probe. The experiment was successful, and abundant life was unequivocally confirmed. That planet? The Earth. Now, a quarter century later, we’re on the verge of conducting that same experiment on a world orbiting another star.

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Extraterrestrial Superstorms

August 16, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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Earth has its share of monster storms, but even our most powerful hurricanes are a breeze compared to the great, planet-sized tempests of the gas giants. LegalZoom is not a law firm or a substitute for the advice of an attorney. Get 15% off your next purchase at https://www.legalzoom.com/spacetime. …

Previous Episode:
The One-Electron Universe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9dqtW…

The great vortices of the Jovian planets are true storms, analogous in many ways to Earth’s hurricanes. There are, of course, some differences. For example, these storms are as big as entire planets. The largest and oldest storm in the solar system is Jupiter’s Great Red Spot, stretching an incredible two to three times the diameter of the planet Earth. Meanwhile the fastest winds ever measured, clocking fifteen hundred miles per hour, once raged in Neptune’s Great Dark Spot. Saturn’s Polar Vortex is a 20,000-mile-wide monster shaped like a hexagon. Even plain-looking Uranus hides USA-sized hurricanes below its methane haze. There are many unsolved mysteries surrounding these epic storms. We may be close to finding some answers, following the Juno spacecraft’s recent flyby of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot.

Juno’s interactive website: https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/

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Andres64
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Keith Gaughan
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Vacuum Diagrams
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youteub akount
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Don Solaris
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The One-Electron Universe | Space Time

August 10, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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Could it be that all the electrons in the universe are simply one, single electron moving back and forth through time?

Previous Episode:
Dark Flow
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In the spring of 1940, the great physicist John Archibald Wheeler had a flash of insight. He picked up the phone and called Richard Feynman. The fateful conversation began, “Feynman, I know why all electrons have the same charge and the same mass.” “Why?” asked Wheeler’s former graduate student. “Because, they are all the same electron!” Wheeler went on to describe the One-Electron Universe idea: that there exists only one electron, and that electron traverses time in both directions. It bounces in time, eventually traversing the entire past and future history of the universe in both directions, and interacting with itself countless times on each pass. In this way it fills the universe with the appearance of countless electrons. And when the electron is moving backwards in time it is a positron; the antimatter counterpart of the electron.

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Comments answer by Matt:

0xFFF1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xgdNBQCdhdA&lc=z23sjnwjrwnljxe3macdp435v2eqfl1uknp1kknjllxw03c010c

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Dark Flow

August 2, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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Why does the universe seem to be moving in one particular direction?

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Space is not static. Everything moves. Planets orbit stars, stars orbit within galaxies, galaxies whirl within the gravitational fields of giant clusters. And of course, the universe is expanding; distant galaxies are thrust apart from each other as the space between them grows. But there’s no preferred direction to any of this motion. Motion due to the expansion of the universe – what we call the Hubble flow – is equal in all directions. The random motion of galaxies – what we call their peculiar motion – should also have no preferred direction. On the largest scales of the universe, there should be no preference for up or down or left or right. At least that’s what we thought. Observations of the cosmic microwave background suggest that the galaxy clusters across the cosmos may be moving, ever so slightly, towards the same point beyond the cosmic horizon. We call this dark flow.

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Comments answer by Matt:

VacuumDiagrams
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The Secrets of Feynman Diagrams

July 27, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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Unlock the secrets of Feynman Diagrams. Part 5 in our Quantum Field Theory series. And if you’re submitting an answer to our challenge question email your answer by August 2nd to pbsspacetime [AT] gmail.com with the subject line “Feynman Diagram Challenge.”

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The Real Star Wars
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Feynman’s path integral shows us that, to properly calculate the probability of a particle traveling from point A to point B, we need to add up the contributions from all conceivable paths between those points – including the impossible paths! In fact we can go even further: according to Feynman’s approach, every conceivable happening that leads from a measured initial state to a measured final state DOES in a sense happen. To calculate the probability of any quantum system evolving from one state into any other state we need to sum over every conceivable intermediate state. This is impossible because there are infinite possible intermediate states.

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Superphilipp
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Lewinham
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Sure people love Star Wars. But I think they missed a golden opportunity to call the project Ronald Ray-gun.

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The Real Star Wars

July 20, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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Anti-Satellite weaponry, giant X-ray lasers and kinetic impact missiles nicknamed the “Rods from God.” Find out about the history of the real star wars that have been waged over the past 50 years. Get a one month trial of The Great Courses Plus at http://ow.ly/e5be30beNu3

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Solving the Impossible in Quantum Field Theory
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The decades directly following World War II were a time of optimism in many ways. Industrialization was finally improving quality of life for a lot of us, science was making incredible bounds, and our sights were set on the stars. It seemed to many that we were on a trajectory to a space-faring technological utopia. The United Federation of Planets was just around the corner. But the possibility of a much darker space age also loomed: one in which the space around the Earth became highly militarized, and in fact massively weaponized.

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RosieisaBoss
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Solving the Impossible in Quantum Field Theory

July 12, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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How do you calculate infinite quantum outcomes? Feynman Diagrams. Get your first two months of Curiosity Stream for free by going https://curiositystream.com/spacetime and using the promo code “spacetime” at sign up.

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Previous Episode:
Feynman’s Infinite Quantum Paths
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The equations of quantum field theory allow us to calculate the behaviour of subatomic particles by expressing them as vibrations in quantum fields. But even the most elegant and complete formulations of quantum physics – like the Dirac equation or Feynman’s path integral – become impossibly complicated when we try to use them on anything but the most simple systems. But physicists tend to interpret “that’s impossible” as “I dare you to try!” And try they did. First they expressed these impossible equations in approximate but solvable forms. Then they tackled the pesky infinities that kept appearing in these new, approximate equations. Finally, the entire mess was ordered into a system that mere humans could deal using the famous Feynman diagrams.

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Comments answer by Matt:

Christian Haas
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSFRN-ymfgE&lc=z132vnrhvkq1d3wbi04cdvewopzqjhtidn40k

Psy Kosh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSFRN-ymfgE&lc=z12evvsbtvahjprpx04cclc4nprifxdzwcc

lohphat
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSFRN-ymfgE&lc=z123gzmhdyezideg504chbuy2rnne1tjx5c

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Feynman’s Infinite Quantum Paths

July 7, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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How to predict the path of a quantum particle. Part 3 in our Quantum Field Theory Series.

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Previous Episode:
The First Quantum Field Theory
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ATcrrzJFtBY

There is a fundamental limit to the knowability of the universe. The Heisenberg uncertainty principle tells us that the more precisely we try to define one property, the less definable is its counterpart. Knowing a particle’s location perfectly means its velocity is unknowable. But unmeasured properties are not just uncertain; they are undefined. Quantum mechanics seems to imply that ALL possible properties, paths, or events that could reasonably occur between measurements DO occur. Whether or not this is true, a mathematical description of this crazy idea led to the most powerful expression of quantum mechanics ever devised: Richard Feynman’s path integral formulation.

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Comments answer by Matt:

Satya Prakash
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The EEZZ
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Lazarus The adventurer
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ForTiorI
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The First Quantum Field Theory

June 28, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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Quantum Electrodynamics is the first true Quantum Field Theory. Part 2 in our series on Quantum Field Theory. Signup for your free trial to The Great Courses Plus here: http://ow.ly/D0Ne30beNrn

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Anti-Matter and Quantum Field Theory
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Quantum mechanics is perhaps the most unintuitive theory ever devised. And yet it’s also the most successful, in terms of sheer predictive power. Simply by following the math of quantum mechanics, incredible discoveries have been made. Its wild success tells us that the mathematical description provided by quantum mechanics reflects deep truths about reality. And by far the most successful, most predictive formulation of quantum mechanics is quantum field theory. It is our best description we have of the fundamental workings of reality. And the first part of quantum field theory that was derived – quantum electrodynamics – is the most precise, most accurate of all.

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Comments answer by Matt:
Feynstein 100
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYkaahzFWfo&lc=z131sffqsqqcfxaai04cgtoghljatf0isjs

Vacuum Diagrams
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYkaahzFWfo&lc=z12is3mb3oj2evimc23md5ipdy2xvb33y

Norbert Laskowski
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Christian Haas
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John LaBrie
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Anti-Matter and Quantum Relativity

June 21, 2017 / / 0 Comments

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Paul Dirac’s insights into the nature of Quantum Mechanics laid the foundation for Quantum Field Theory and predicted the existence of anti-matter. Part 1 in our series on Quantum Field Theory. Try Skillshare at http://skl.sh/spacetime

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Book recommendations:
The Quantum Divide, by Christopher Gerry & Kimberley Bruno
The Character of Physical Law, by Richard Feynman

Previous Episode:
Supervoids vs Colliding Universes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrS0rxX-UhA

It’s 1928. Over the past quarter century, the greatest geniuses of the modern era discovered the two keys to the fundamental nature of reality. Einstein’s theories of special and general relativity had changed forever the way we think of motion, space, and time. And the emerging field of quantum mechanics had radically altered our understanding of the fundamental building blocks of the universe. Yet this year one brilliant insight would bring these theories together and unveil the quantum fabric of reality. It would also predict the existence of antimatter.

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Comments answered by Matt:

Sourcedrop
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrS0rxX-UhA&lc=z12fglgxiqyuzroqx04cjly40pboiddbqt40k

Vhsjpdfg
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Galdo145
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrS0rxX-UhA&lc=z135j5141pmhv1yop04cfdcjmojfgnbqznw0k

Pradhyumn
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